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Visual Guide · Dossier

What the CIA Actually Does

Foreign intelligence, analysis, and authorized covert action.

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Why it matters
Collects foreign intelligence worldwide
Turns raw data into objective analysis
Conducts covert action when authorized
Protects sources and methods

At a Glance

  • Established by the 1947 National Security Act
  • Employs roughly 21,000 professionals
  • Headquartered in Langley, Virginia
  • Operates worldwide across many fields

Its Mission

  • Collect and analyze foreign intelligence
  • Conduct covert action when authorized
  • Support national security decision-makers
  • Advance and protect U.S. interests

Legal Authority

  • Acts under the National Security Act
  • Requires a finding for covert action
  • Protects intelligence sources and methods
  • Answers to Congressional oversight

Collects Intelligence

  • Run human and signals sources
  • Exploit open-source information
  • Build foreign partnerships
  • Track governments, groups, and threats

Produces Analysis

  • Turn raw data into timely judgments
  • Write the President's Daily Brief
  • Inform policymakers objectively
  • Deliver products across government

Covert Action

  • Act only with presidential finding
  • Influence events to support objectives
  • Counter threats discreetly
  • Stay within legal authority

Supports Security

  • Brief military commanders
  • Advise the National Security Council
  • Inform operations and strategy
  • Coordinate the Intelligence Community

What It Avoids

  • Hold no domestic law-enforcement role
  • Make no arrests
  • Avoid spying on U.S. citizens at home
  • Stay outside policymaking decisions
01

Collect

Gather foreign intelligence

02

Analyze

Produce objective judgments

03

Act

Covert action when authorized

04

Protect

Safeguard sources and methods

Intelligence informs the decision; it does not make it.

Dossier